Hair is one of the most distinctive features of our body. Not only does it play an aesthetic role in defining our identity and style, but it also serves essential functions, such as protecting the scalp and regulating body temperature. Understanding the structure, life cycle, and needs of hair is crucial to keeping it healthy and strong. In this article, we explore what hair is, its anatomy, growth cycle, the best treatments, and haircare solutions.
What is hair?
Filaments of epidermal origin, primarily composed of keratin, form what we commonly refer to as hair. It grows from hair follicles, small sacs located in the dermis, and covers most of our body, varying in density and length depending on the area and individual.
Anatomy of hair
There are three main parts that make up hair.
- Root: Located beneath the skin’s surface within the hair follicle, it is where the hair receives nutrients and begins its growth process.
- Hair bulb: At the base of the follicle, the bulb is the living part of the hair, rich in cells responsible for its growth.
- Shaft: The visible part of the hair, composed of dead keratin. This is the portion that is cut, dyed, or styled in salons.
Hair structure
The structure of hair consists of three primary layers that determine its strength, shine, and color.
- Medulla: The innermost layer, which may be absent in finer hair. It contains small amounts of keratin.
- Cortex: The intermediate and thickest layer, containing keratinized cells and melanin, which gives hair its color.
- Cuticle: The outermost layer, formed by overlapping cells like shingles, which protects hair from external damage. A healthy cuticle keeps hair shiny and smooth.
Hair growth cycle
The hair growth cycle is divided into three distinct phases:
- Anagen: The active growth phase, lasting 2 to 7 years. During this phase, hair grows approximately 1 cm per month.
- Catagen: A transition phase lasting only a few weeks, during which hair growth stops, and the follicle begins to shrink.
- Telogen: The resting phase lasting about 3 months, after which the hair falls out, making room for a new hair in the anagen phase.
Haircare products
Caring for hair requires products specifically designed to support its structure and life cycle, ensuring that every hair type is treated with the right ingredients.
Types of hair products include:
- Shampoos: Formulated to gently cleanse the hair, suitable for all hair types, from dry to oily.
- Conditioners and masks: Packed with nutrients to strengthen and hydrate, making hair more manageable and preventing breakage.
- Ampoule treatments: Targeted formulations to address specific concerns like hair loss, split ends, and lack of volume.
- Styling products: Sprays, mousses, and gels designed to protect and shape hair during blow-drying or straightening, leaving it light and natural.
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